| Record of activities in 2011 at KURCPI |
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- Research Seminar No.120, 19 December 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Fisheries in Bangladesh and its contribution to the national economy」
Zoarder Faruque Ahmed (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University)
Bangladesh is enriched with extensive and huge qualitative water resources distributed all over the country in the form of different types of ponds, beels, lakes, boropits, small and large rivers, estuaries and the marine water in the Bay of Bengal, covering an area of about 28 million hectares. There are three categories of major fisheries resources: these are 1) Inland freshwater 2) Brackish water and 3) Marine water. The Department of Fisheries estimates that annual production of fish was about 2701370 metric tons in 2008-2009, of which capture fisheries contributed 1175389 metric tons. Inland capture fisheries provided 1123925 and the marine was 514644 metric tons. Fish production has increased at a rate of about 3.6% per year over the period 1980-1981 through 2004-2006. However, the increase in fish production is mainly attributable to the rise in production from inland culture fisheries, particularly from shrimp farms, and catch from artisanal marine fisheries.
Fisheries sector has been playing a significant role since long past.
Contribution of this sector to Bangladesh economy is very important and
there is ample scope of exploring huge potential. The contribution of fisheries
to the economy of Bangladesh is substantial particularly with reference
to food, consumption, nutrition, employment and export. According to Fisheries
2003-2004 statistics, 4.91 of the GDP is contributed by the fisheries sector,
which is highest among South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
(SAARC) member countries that accounts for about 20% of the total agricultural
products. However, the above figures do not reflect fisheries-related activities
such as processing, transportation and marketing. Fisheries sector contributes
5.7% to the country’s total export earning. Fish alone is supplementing
about 63% of the animal protein of our daily national diet. Approximately
10% of the total population of Bangladesh are directly or indirectly dependent
on fisheries and related activities for their livelihood.
The Department of Fisheries under Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock
of the Government of Bangladesh is carrying out activities related to providing
animal protein to the huge population of Bangladesh through conservation,
proper management and planned development of fisheries resources, uplifting
socio-economic condition of the fishermen, creating employment opportunity
for the rural unemployed and landless people, and widening avenue for earning
more foreign currency by exporting fish, shrimp and fisheries products.
- Research Seminar No.119, 14 November 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Suffered from the disaster in Utopia -message from Harano Agricultural Museum-」
HARANO Kozo (Harano Agricultural Museum, Amami Culture Foundation)
On October 10, 2010, Harano Agricultural Museum was suffered from an
avalanche of earth and rocks caused by heavy rain and our exhibitions were
severely damaged. The museum was opened in 1964 in Osaka, and it was moved
to Amami Oshima in 1988 because there are “fresh air”, “clean water”, “deep
forests” and “beautiful mountains”. We regarded the natural environment
in Amami Oshima as the most important thing and we did not seek the traffic
convenience or tourists. We have tried to conserve the nature in Amami
Oshima. However, the museum has been forced into a tight corner due to
the disaster. A landslide occurred nearby the museum seems to be “a man-made
disaster” related to Amashin (Special Measure Law for Amami Islands Development)
rather than “a natural disaster”.
- Research Seminar No.118, 17 October 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Kerama Deer and Children」
ENDO Akira (Faculty of Human Development, Minami-Kyushu University)
The Kerama deer (Cervus nippon keramae) is considered to be originated from several individuals of the Sika deer
introduced from Kyushu island to one of Kerama Group islands about 400
years ago. They are now distributed in four islands of the Kerama Group:
Aka-jima, Geruma-jima, Yakabi-jima and Fukachi-jima. In Geruma-jima, deer
research activity has been putting in school as part of the curriculum
over a decade. Successive 3rd-4th grade elementary students have been studying
on Kerama deer at school during two years, and they have been making presentation
of their findings from researches at annual meeting of The Biological Society
of Okinawa. In the seminar, I'll show the ecology of Kerama deer firstly,
and then, the research activity in class, and children's learning processes
and achievements. Lastly, I'll stress the superiority of rural education
in present education.
- Research Seminar No.117, 13 September 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Special status of Japan in International Cooperation」
KATO Yasuhisa (Center for International Planning, Kagoshima University)
Despite a long history, more than 150 years, of international cooperation
since Meiji restoration, Japan is now openly promoting “internationalization”.
The word of “internationalization”, however, contains a meaning that we
have not yet started an active international cooperation. It can be understood
that Japan has actively introduced various technologies and services which
were needed for our modernization process, but has not accepted others
which were less important for our daily life. Japan has considered the
necessity of international cooperation as “Dejima (treated as unusual in
daily life)”. We may also consider that “Japan can manage the country without
relying too much on the foreign countries.” which can be a base of consideration
on “Closing door to outside because internal situation is relatively happy”.
- Research Seminar No.116, 4 July 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Phylogenic relationships and characteristics of local citrus grown in Amami Islands」
YAMAMOTO Masashi (Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University)
Explorations of local citrus germplasms were undertaken on eight islands of the Amami archipelago. Results showed that Citrus keraji var. kabuchii was growing on almost all explored islands; C. depressa，C. nobilis and C. rokugatsu were also common on four to six islands; C. oto，C. aurantium, and C. maxima were growing on more than one island; and C. keraji and C. tangerina were observed respectively only in Kikaijima and Amami Oshima Islands.
Based on the results of isozyme and DNA analyses, C. depressa and C. nobilis played a part in the origin of many local Citrus in this region. Content of polymethoxy flavones, one of the most important
phytonutrient of citrus, in fruit of C. keraji was higher than that of other citrus. Thus, C. keraji is considered to be promising for source of supply of phytonutrient.
- Research Seminar No.115, 20 June 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Poverty Issues in Pacific Islands」
NARSEY Wadan (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University)
The Pacific Island Countries (PICs) are in an unusual situation in the
context of poverty analysis in the developing world. They cannot be classified
amongst the poorest less developed countries (LDCs), neither can they be
classified as the More Developed Countries (MDCs). As such, internationally
used criteria such as the Basic Needs Poverty Line of US$2 PPP per adult
per day for poverty analysis, is not suitable for the PICs. Neither are
the standards used in MDCs which are far too high for meaningful use.
This presentation will explain the current methods used by some multilateral organisations (such as ADB and World Bank) to analyse the incidence of poverty in select PICs (Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Tuvalu), some of the drawbacks, and the author’s own approaches.
Indicative estimates are given, while indirect approaches are also explained.
The need for the poverty analysis to be useful for indicators for specific
poverty alleviation policies will be emphasized and the results.
- Research Seminar No.114, 23 May 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「An Aspect of the Issues on Processes for Autonomisation in the Pacific: through case studies on Cook Islands / Niue in the Review by New Zealand Governmental Committee, and on Rapanui Activities for Autonomisation against the response of Chile」
TAMAI Noboru (Department of Intercultural Studies, Oita Prefectural College of Arts
and Culture)
While historically almost all the Islands in the Pacific had
commonly been colonised, there are nowadays several political statuses such as
independent states, self governing states in free association with other big
powers, commonwealth, overseas territory or dependency. Among politically non-independent
islands in the Pacific, almost islands have tried to pave the way to autonomisation
and self reliance even though some of them self-determined the partly
nonsovereign status. Such islands, however, have faced issues on the
autonomisation processes.
In Rapanui, calls for
autonomisation or even independence have been heightened among indigenous group,
whereas Chile
government has strengthened the response against them. On the other hand, Cook
Islands and Niue are referred as failure cases in terms of autonomisation
according to the governmental report of New
Zealand on assistance to the Pacific Islands.
In order to study an aspect of the issues associated with the autonomisation
processes in the Pacific, case studies on Rapanui, or Ester Island, Cook
Islands and Niue are supposed to be analysed in this presentation.
- Research Seminar No.113, 18 Apr 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「What can marine microbiology achieve for activation of the local government and regional community in inland?」
MAEDA Hiroto (Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima U.)
The speaker was return to the Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University
from Mie University. From the experience of activity in Mie University
during six years, some hints for activation of regional inland community
will be presented.
A first topic is the introduction of activity of Owase deepsea water
center, which was established by Owase city government in 2008. Owase is
located in the southern end of Mie prefecture, and it was developing as
a fisheries city like an isolated inland city. The center aims to promote
the utilization of deep-sea water and to develop a new business using it.
Through the center, Mie University collaborated to Owase city government
for enhancement of utilization deep-sea water mainly correlated with fisheries.
The speaker introduces the above movement and points out the issue for
future.
The second topic is the establishment and development of Iga Research
Institute of Mie University. Mie University, Social Cooperation Research
Center, works to deepen cooperation among industry, government, and university,
utilize intellectual property of Mie University, and promote distinctive
research and development. The center aims to contribute to research and
education by Mie University and improve industries, culture, and welfare
services of regional communities. As a branch of the center, a new institute
has recently been completed. The Iga Research Institute of Mie University
was established in April 2009 for the purpose of activating the collaboration
with local industry and regional authority, Iga city. The city is famous
for Ninjya and characterized as very exclusive city from old time. The
speaker presents the story of establishment of the institute from the viewpoint
of the university, and introduces the biomass town project as an example
of collaboration.
Finally, some possibilities of contribution to develop the local government
and regional community will be discussed from the standpoint of the applied
science like as marine microbiology.
- Research Seminar No.112, 7 Mar 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Where the Japanese Pandanus from ? Botanical topics of Pandanaceae」
MIYAMOTO Junko (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima U.)
Pandanaceae is a family of the monocotyledons and distributes mainly in the tropics in Africa, Asia and Oceania. Four genera comprise this family. The genus Pandanus includes 600 ? 700 species. The genus Freicinetia consists of approximately 200 species. Two small genera, Sararanga and Martellidendron, include two and seven species, respectively. Some species are found in the subtropical natural habitat in Japan. Pandanus odoratissimus L. fil (P. tectorius Sol. var. liukiuensis Warb.) grows in the Ryukyu and Daito Islands. A population of this species in Kuchinoshima of the Tokara Islands in Kagoshima prefecture is a northern limit of the distribution of Pandanaceae. Pandanus odoratissimus is a widespread species in tropical Asia and P. tectorius is a species in the Pacific Islands. Pandanus boninensis Warb. is an endemic species in the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands. Freicinetia formosana Hemsley is growing in Ishigakijima and Iriomotejima of the Ryukyu Islands,
and Chichijima and Hahajima of the Bonin Islands. Freicinetia williamsiis Merrill, grows in Iriomotejima. These two species of Freicinetia are found in Taiwan and Philippines. A new species, P. daitoensis Susanti et J. Miyam. was described from Kitadaitojima in 2009. Recent
topics of Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Japanese Pandanus and its related species will be presented in this seminar.
- Research Seminar No.111, 24 January 2011
16:30-, The Interdivisional Education and Research Building , 5th Floor
「Continuous GPS observation in Tokara islands, Kagoshima, Japan」
NAKAO Shigeru (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima U.)
GEONET which is nation-wide GPS array is constructed and operated by Geographical
Survey Institute, Japan. However, there is no GEONET site in Tokara Islands
except in Suwanose-jima where volcanic activity is high. Philippine Sea
plate subducts beneath Tokara Islands in Ryukyu Trench which is located
eastward of Tokara Islands. It seems that there is no interplate coupling
area because crustal deformation in Tanegashima, Yakushima, Amami-oshima
and Kikaijima is not explained by seismic coupling theory.
There is no estimation of interplate coupling near Tokara Islands and
no observation of crustal deformation in Tokara Islands because there is
no GPS site. We occupied GPS site in Takara-jima, Akuseki-jima in 2007,
Gajya-jima in 2009 and Kuchinoshima in 2010 due to observation of crustal
deformation and estimation of interplate coupling in this area.
「Seismic observation in the northern part of Nansei-Syoto Islands, Kagoshima,
Japan」
YAKIWARA Hiroshi (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima U.)
An island arc, Kyushu and Nansei-Syoto Islands, is located at the active
area of seismicity and volcanic phenomena. Nansei-toko Observatory for
Earthquakes and Volcanoes (NOEV) was established in 1991 in order to develop
detail studies for seismo-volcanic tectonics and to contribute toward reductions
of earthquake disasters. The observatory has mainly studied seismicity
in the region by use of seismic observation systems. Because that most
part of this region is area of sea, we also have temporarily deployed ocean-bottom
seismometers along the island arc. As a result of the continuous observation
for about twenty years, we obtained that the yearly number of total earthquakes
in the target area is over 25,000, and that many micro- and middle-earthquakes
occurred in clusters along the arc.
The area in and around Amami Oshima is seismically most active. Today,
we focus on the past studies on seismic observation in and around Amami
Oshima. The characteristics of the seismicity are summarized as follows.
1) Noticeable high-seismicity is observed near the southeast coast of Amami
Oshima around 28km depths. 2) No earthquake shallower than 10km depth occurred
in and around Amami Oshima. The feature is quite different from that of
the ordinary seismicity on land. 3) The dip angle of the subducting Philippine
Sea Plate is 25 degrees. In the present, we have been in building up the
seismic network in Tokara and Amami Islands.
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